The Impact Of Internal Stakeholders On Business...

There are numerous reasons why internal stakeholders especially employees resist change in their workplace such as transfer or change in position, a different business process or use of new technology. The major reason why they fear change is due to bad management of change. In recent years, technological growth, changes in business environment and the global economy have forced organizations to change the way they do business. Unfortunately, whether stakeholders like it or not, change is here to stay. Any organizations which will not create any changes risk were being left behind, forgotten, risk competitors driving them out of business or perhaps even shutting down the company. Most stakeholders prefer predictability and stability in their professional lives. So, they typically avoid situations that upset the order of things, technological changes, threaten their self-interests, increase stress, or involve risks in the project. The concern continues and, in some cases will increase till they are able to recognize the advantages of change and perceive the gains to be worth more than the risk or threats to their self-interests. I as a project manager should know that people resist change because of lack of communication – on the what, why, when, how, who and also the support required for those affected of the proposed change. The major reason why stakeholders resist change in their workplace is with the fear of losing their jobs or changing positions due to new businessShow MoreRelatedThe Sustainability Strategy of Virgin Groups Corporate1497 Words   |  6 Pagesgenerations to meet their own needs.† (G3.1 Guidelines, 2011, p4) This study report on a survey of the Virgin Groups sustainability report that summarize the Virgin companies’ sustainability strategy, evaluating the sustainability report based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) principle, to comment performance indicators and making recommendations, which can improve the sustainability report. Virgin Groups Corporate responsibility and sustainable development report 2010 emphasizes the range ofRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Pestel Essay1645 Words   |  7 PagesA PESTEL analysis is a technique used to assess the external factors that may impact a firm (Cadle, et al. 2010). Political †¢ Operations in more than 70 countries including 23 refineries worldwide consolidating its presence as a global leader (Shell Global 2016). †¢ Engages in exploration in all continents. †¢ Political turmoil in some of the countries it occupies like Nigeria may influence its operations and sales. Economic †¢ Oil prices have risen and raising issues of supply as well as highRead MoreExecutive Summary : The Management Philosophy1701 Words   |  7 Pagespartners have decided the new clients who are currently working in the manufacturing business. The Australian manufacturing industry went through a deep crisis during the period of 2007- 2012. The main reason for the downturn was due to the sharp decline in the demand during the period. The management philosophy and the succession plan for the firm is very well defined and the firm has mentioned it all stakeholders what the management philosophy is. The management philosophy of the company dictatesRead MoreSustainability Reporting Of The United States1672 Words   |  7 Pagescountries around the world are requiring companies to report the effects of their business activities as part of their annual report, this practice is still voluntary in the US. Even though sustainability reporting is not required, companies generally disclos e sustainable information on their websites or through social media. Being social responsible builds a certain type of bond that brings internal and external stakeholders together. Many companies in the US have taken action and developed their corporateRead MoreEthics, Negligence, and Environmental Issues in Business1685 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Ethics in Business 1. Discuss the ethical, negligence, and environmental issues you see in this case. BP’s negligence resulted in severe repercussions for the company, employees, and the environment. After being advised on multiple occasions of the issues concerning maintenance of pipelines, BP’s behavior in the issue of the Prudhoe Bay pipeline can be seen as unethical because it did not meet its social responsibilities/obligations to the community or its employees. Ignoring these obligationsRead MoreThe Rational Perspectives Of Management Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagesespecially the case because of the ever changing business environment that is characterized by so many political, social, ethical, regulatory, and environmental issues that affect how a business is able to interact with all its stakeholders and meet their different needs and interests. It is the work of the management to ensure that an organization is able to address these challenges appropriately in order to be able to survive in this changing business environment. Of interest, there are three very importantRead MoreThe Internal Environment Analysis : Wyndham Worldwide1590 Words   |  7 Pagesrecession to retain its top position in the industry. An internal and external analysis of the company, opportunities, and threats faced by the firm, its competitive advantage, and a strategic focus reveal the issues that need to be addressed henceforth for it to remain relevant in an increasingly competitive global market. The paper provides a problem statement, alternatives, and recommendations that Wyndham Worldwide can engage. The internal environment analysis focuses on current marketing strategy andRead MoreEtihad Case Study1628 Words   |  7 Pagesetihad Business Strategy According to Johnson and Scholes (Exploring Corporate Strategy) the definition of business strategy is; Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organisation through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations. A Business strategy will help an organization to answer the following question in order to achieve itsRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On A Business Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesvery important to a business is the suppliers. Supplies provide organizations with training play a very critical role in attaining a competitive edge. In case a business the materials that they require so that they run their activities effectively (Cheese 2007). The way a supplier behaves tends to have a direct impact on the business. For instance, in a situation where the supplier provides poor services, it affects the quality of the products. It is, consequently, very vital to maintain a closeRead MoreSupply Chain Sustainability ( Scs )1505 Words   |  7 Pagescan bring to the relevant stakeholders. The final section of the report illustrates how to developing and implementing a sustainable supply chain strategy in business environment. The examples of Starbucks and IKEA as the sustainable supply chain org anizations are used to support the sustainable view in this report. There also are some other examples used in this report. 1. INTRODUCTION As the fast development of the global economy, sustainability has been

Understanding The Population Of Interest - 1242 Words

Challenges in Population Definitions The first step in any research is to accurately define the population of interest. Intellectual Disability (ID) has been called by many different terms: mental retardation, learning disability, mental handicap, and developmentally delayed. Generally, these terms are accepted as interchangeable (Schalock, Luckasson Shogren, 2007). However, over time some of the characteristics required to receive a diagnosis of ID has changed. In the recent past, the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Metal Disorders Text Revised (DSM IV TR) identified three criteria necessary to be diagnosed with ID. This included: impairments of intellectual functioning (IQ70) are not necessarily excluded from the diagnosis. By deemphasized the importance of low IQ the as a defining feature of ID the diagnosis expanded its definition to include individual assessed with borderline intelligence and above (fact sheet reference). The ID population is extremely heterogeneous. As noted above, the diagnostic criteria describes many different forms of adaptive functioning. It is recognized that expression of symptoms vary significantly within the ID population. Some individuals could have average social functioning with significant impairments related to work tasks and money management. Alternatively, an individual could be significantly impaired in social domains, but capable of managing their own personal care and job responsibilities. Some individuals might be able toShow MoreRelatedArticle Critique : Considering Interest Convergence Dilemma980 Words   |  4 PagesArticle Critique: Considering Interest-Convergence Dilemma in STEM Education As evidenced by a growing number of scholarly studies and popular commentary, the United States’ falling position as a global producer in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), is of upmost concern. A multitude of stakeholders, including educational scholars and administrators, political leaders, economists, and various parties in the STEM industry, all actively work to address the STEM deficit issueRead MoreMarketing Communications Memo1086 Words   |  5 Pageshaving a better understanding of different consumer demographics will impact marketing and has an effect on marketing communications. How messages are communicated most effectively can change depending on who the target audience is. A message that is targeting young consumers, like an advertisement for the Twilight movie would be different than one targeting men. The same can be said for having a better understanding of the psychographics of the consumers. Knowing the different interests and lifest yleRead MoreCapstone Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesExplain how understanding specific English language learners needs guided the choice of instructional strategies to support the content and language learning. It is essential to understand English language learners’ needs because ELL students face the combined challenge of learning all the academic content as other students, while also learning the language of instruction. With the rapid growth in the size of the ELL student population in the U.S., teachers who are effective recognizes ELL studentsRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of The Silent1555 Words   |  7 Pagesis 10.7 percent of the U.S. Population between that age group. There are many factors that placed adolescents at an increased risk for depression. The purpose of the Web-intervention is to create a sensible application for interactions amongst peers that will bring greater awareness of depression and its complications. This will in turn provide early detection through primary preventive measures thus promote cost effective well-being of a very vulnerable population which is adolescents with depressiveRead MoreThe Process Of Career Selection1476 Words   |  6 Pagesabout ones abilities contributes to the working environment that one chooses. People began to question and limit themselves to working environments that they are accustomed to but not necessarily enjoy. e. strategies for assessing abilities, interests, values, personality and other factors that contribute to career development Assessment tools can enable students to review and reflect on their knowledge about themselves. Hence, learn about ones own strengths and weakness, values, and personalityRead MoreThe Importance Of Education832 Words   |  4 Pagescommunities. I came to understand how, in the US, a national shortage of physicians and unlikely prospects of financial gain have caused few doctors to take an interest in these communities, leaving a diminishing level of access to services and expertise. This unfortunate reality inspired me to take an interest in treating these populations, in hopes of helping to improve the care for our country’s poor and underserved. Jorge’s story broadened my perspective, as I further realized that this need isRead MoreEssay on Protecting Families of Domestic Abuse and Disabilities1520 Words   |  7 PagesClient population There are several populations that interest me however possible preferences include families that deal with domestic abuse and those who are disabled. Working with families that have experienced domestic violence is an interest because in the past I had friends whose family was dealing domestic violence and the impact could clearly in all members of the family. Seeing the difference that was made by those who worked to help their family made this population a preference. AnotherRead MoreThe Impact Of Traditional Media On The Society Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction and background The traditional media (print and electronic) plays an important role in the society. Bagdikian (1997) explains media is a source of education, entertainment and information. It also acts as a watchdog to protect public interest against malpractice and create public awareness. It should represent the public and speak for them. It also sets the agenda. Its responsibility is to be truthful, fair, accurate and objective. It should follow the agreed code of ethics and professionalRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On Development And The Spread Of Disease1501 Words   |  7 Pages especially in the developed world. However, along with this growing population and resource web has come a growing understanding of disease, and its impacts on the more-developed and less-developed parts of the world. Another effect of growing population is the concerning truth of climate change: changes in climate not only alter the environment, but can alter the range and distribution of diseases. Moreover , human population leads inherently to social networks and systems that can have significantRead MoreVoting Affect The Level Of Support Constituents Award Their Representative Essay1195 Words   |  5 PagesIn the most basic understanding, representatives, in a representative democracy, serve as vehicles for their constituents. They exist to transmit constituent interests into law. However, due to a number of variables, there are instances where representatives choose to vote in contrast with their constituents. For this reason, it is relevant to examine how these diversions in voting affect the level of support constituents award their representative. This is important when considering the importance

The current business environment is characterized Free Essays

The current business environment is characterized by a considerable level of competitive rivalry and as a result, businesses have to maintain a continuous improvement process in order to build and maintain a competitive advantage. In this respect, the development of a sustainable competitive advantage is the critical success factor. However sustainability cannot be achieved unless the company determines the strategic focus. We will write a custom essay sample on The current business environment is characterized or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is why developing a system for adopting goals becomes a critical consideration. In this respect, the management has to build the right organizational culture in which group dynamics can become facilitated. Employees are the most important assets of an organization and therefore the management has to create the right working conditions which maximize employee satisfaction. For this reason, the management might have to manage change on a continuous basis. In managing change, alignment with the strategic focus has to be maintained. In this respect adopting the right goals becomes the critical consideration. The question whether group dynamics are better at adopting goals than individual decision making can be answered depending on the situation that the company is in. There is no doubt that when it comes to managing change a cross-functional project management team must be built in order to adopt the right goals. This is because all the departments that are going to be affected by the change must be represented in the project management team. However the problem with group dynamics is that the process delays decision making (http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/old/15703015.htm). One of the reasons for this delay can be groupthink in which the participants withhold views that may not conform in order to maintain membership (cited in Robbins DeCenzo, 2003). Outside of change management, in the situation in which the decision making process has to be fast, individual decision making is undoubtedly the better option. Individually, the decision maker can speed up the process of decision making because fewer issues are considered. The problem with facilitating group dynamics in decision making is that the decision making process has to be based upon consensus. This has the advantage that the suggestions that are taken into consideration are diverse. As a result, the same problem is viewed from many different perspectives. The result is a process of brainstorming that can generate a lot of valuable ideas. However, in the situation in which the question is one of adopting goals, diversity of ideas can be a hindrance because it delays the process of decision making in adopting goals. In the event that the complexity of the situation is high then group decision making can be advantageous because too many issues will be considered, thus delaying the process. Therefore in the situation in which adopting goals does not have to take too many issues into consideration, group decision making may be the best option. However in the event that the situation is complex, then the individual decision maker will be in a position to do a better job because he can exercise intuition in arriving at a decision. From the above, it is made clear that there is no specific answer as to whether group dynamics or the individual decision maker will do a better job. The effectiveness of either of the tools depends on the complexity of the situation. The current business environment is characterized by a fast state of change. Therefore the decision making process has to be speeded up. In this respect, even in the situation which calls for many issues to be taken into consideration, the individual decision maker can do the best job. However in the event that the management of the company can afford to spend time on considering all the relevant issues, then group dynamics create the best infrastructure in which to conduct the decision making process (http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/efo38561.pdf). However when facilitating group dynamics, the management must ensure that the decision making process is not affected by the need to reach a consensus. In such a situation, the participants are afraid of creating a conflict and therefore all the relevant issues are not taken into consideration. References Schwartz, Andrew E. (1994, August). Group decision-making. The CPA Journal Online. Retrieved February 19, 2009 from http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/old/ 15703015.htm. Barlow, Jeff. (2005, October). Strategic planning for the Bloomington, Indiana, fire department. Retrieved February 19, 2009 from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/ efo38561.pdf. Robbins, Stephen P., and DeCenzo, David. (2003). Fundamentals of Management. Prentice Hall. Â   How to cite The current business environment is characterized, Papers The current business environment is characterized Free Essays The current business environment is characterized by a considerable level of uncertainty and therefore businesses have to continuously reengineer their internal processes in order to build and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage. In this respect, the critical success factor is to build an organizational culture that is built to change. This is a critical consideration because, given the high level of uncertainty, the management in a business organization is no longer in a position to forecast future changes meaningfully. We will write a custom essay sample on The current business environment is characterized or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore the organizational structure must be flexible enough to absorb unexpected changes. The question that should be answered is how this flexibility can be built into the organizational structure. In this respect, it is the duty of the management to build the right performance management system. Through this system the management can communicate with the employees regarding which aspects of their work are vital to the strategic focus of the organization. The right performance management system is a critical consideration in terms of addressing issues related to employee motivation and empowerment. Capital One is empowering its employees through dissemination of information and by maximizing the surface area. This enables the employees to link their work to the strategic focus of the organization (cited in Zairi, 2005). The fact of the matter is that the management at all levels in Capital One is implementing strategic human resource management. In this manner it is addressing the issues of motivation and empowerment. According to the post-modern theory, business organizations need to maintain the continuous improvement process in order to build a sustainable competitive advantage (cited in Hill Jones, 2007). However the development of a sustainable competitive advantage depends on access to human capital. Capital One has devised its human resource management policies in order to develop human capital. Even through it is not directly addressing the issues of motivation and empowerment, its policies are designed to make these issues the top priorities on the management agenda. Job rotation is one of the examples. According to post-modernism, job descriptions are no longer effective because they create a static organizational structure and therefore do not equip the organization with the abilities to adapt to fast-paced change in the external environment (cited in Besterfield, 2002). According to the post-modern theory, employees have to be groomed to assume a wide variety of positions so that changing organizational structures will not be a problem for them. We see Capital One addressing this issue through creating leadership capabilities throughout the organization. The company’s recruitment and selection strategies are implemented accordingly. For example, during the recruitment process, the most important qualification for the candidate is considered to be his ability to lead a change effort. Because of carefully implemented recruitment and selection strategies, the company minimizes the costs associated with training and development (cited in Ross Perry, 2002). However the management does communicate with the employees in terms of the extent to which formal training and development programs can be arranged for the employees. A built-to-change organizational structure cannot be built without addressing the issues of motivation and empowerment. According to post-modernism, employees must be involved in the change management process (cited in Brigham Ehrhardt, 2007). This facilitates the process of addressing employee resistance to change. The management at Capital One addresses this issue through building an effective communications structure which facilitates the dissemination of mission-critical information. As mentioned before, this maximizes the level of surface area. Strategy implementation in this regard has been facilitated through the creation of a flat management structure which enables most employees to work in direct touch with the customers. This enables the employees to make the link between their work and the strategic focus of the company because working in direct touch with the customers means that the employees can see in which direction the organization should proceed in terms of customer relationship management (cited in Dess, 2007). Employee motivation and empowerment is the most critical factor in the post-modernist theory. This is because post-modernism as associated with a sustainable competitive advantage in business emphasizes employee motivation and empowerment. According to Michael Porter’s theory for strategy formulation, a business organization has three strategies at its disposal in building a competitive advantage: differentiation, cost minimization and quick response (cited in Baschab, 2005). However, according to the post-modernist theory none of these strategies will lead to the development of a sustainable competitive advantage because they can be easily copied by competitor organizations in a fast-changing external environment. Therefore, post-modernism in business focuses on the building of a strategically aligned organizational culture as the source of a sustainable competitive advantage. A strategically aligned organizational culture cannot be built without effectively addressing the issues of employee motivation and empowerment. Employees must be involved in the change management process. In this organizational structure, the issues of employee motivation and empowerment are addressed effectively because they are directly involved in building the strategic focus of the company. This is an example of what we see in Capital One. This is one of the few American companies to have been able to weather the current crisis because of its focus on the built-to-change organizational structure based in employee motivation and empowerment. The company is not consciously addressing these issues as such. However because of its strategies in recruitment, selection, job rotation and training and development, it has been able to involve the employees in the constant process of managing change. This has only maximized their productivity as employees are motivated to work for the company because they are empowered to act on behalf of the company. This has created an organizational structure based in motivation and empowerment which aligns employee interests to organizational interests. This is an example of post-modernism in business. References Baschab, John., et al. (2005). The Executive Guide to Information Technology. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Besterfield, Dale H., et al. (2002). Total Quality Management. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Brigham, Eugene F., and Michael C. Ehrhardt. (2007). Financial Management: Theory Practice. South western college pub. Dess, Gregory G., et al. (2007). Strategic Management: Creating Competitive Advantage. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Hill, Charles., and Gareth Jones. (2007). Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Ross, Joel E. and Susan Perry. (2002). Total Quality Management: Text, Cases, Readings. Wiley. Zairi, Mohamed. (2005). Excellence Toolkit: Delivering Sustainable Performance. eTQM College Publishing House. How to cite The current business environment is characterized, Papers The current business environment is characterized Free Essays The current business environment is characterized by intense competitive rivalry and businesses have to undertake aggressive marketing initiatives in order to counter this threat. The importance of marketing in ensuring that a business organization can develop and maintain a competitive edge is growing exponentially. Corporations are now pouring millions into their promotional campaigns in order to create an image for themselves in the customer mindset. We will write a custom essay sample on The current business environment is characterized or any similar topic only for you Order Now This trend of massive financial resources being thrown into marketing is particularly evident in the area of sports marketing. In this area, massive opportunities exist in terms of public relations events which have global reach. Thus any corporation that can have its logo associated with events like the Olympics which are broadcast throughout the world stand to gain substantially out of investing in the rights to have its logo associated with the event. This is called corporate sponsorship. However the benefits of corporate sponsorship have led to the rise of unethical marketing practices called ambush marketing. Ambush marketing is defined to have taken place when a marketer has its products associated with a sports event without having paid for any of the rights to association (cited in Ironside, 2007). Thus the ambush marketer enjoys all the benefits of being a legitimate corporate sponsor without paying a cent. The trend of ambush marketing has been growing steadily in the last few years as shown in figure 1. As shown in the figure, sports organizers have been experiencing massive revenue losses as result of the phenomenon of ambush marketing which keeps going strong despite efforts to counter the threat. The threat is particularly detrimental because the actual corporate sponsors have hardly anything to gain by seeking recourse to legal means because courts usually rule in favor of ambush marketers. This happens because ambush marketers never engage in any activities that could be defined as infringement of intellectual property rights (cited in Meenaghan, 1996). Ambush marketers operate through hints and allusions which do not qualify as infringement of rights in legal vernacular. As a result corporate sponsors have to devise pre-emptive strategies on their own and this adds to the cost of buying rights to the sponsorship (cited in Uphoff, 2006). The process of devising counter strategies requires an understanding of the ways and means by which ambush marketers take advantage of their opportunities. However there are so many ways and means in this regard that it is difficult to develop contingency plans for all of them. There are at least six recognized opportunities which ambushers take advantage of from time to time such as purchasing broadcasting rights to an event or broadcasting time around the time of the event broadcast, sponsoring an event other than the organizing body, purchasing advertising space, thematic advertising and counter attraction (cited in Crompton, 2004). What all of this means is that if the trend of ambush marketing is allowed to go on unmitigated, it will discourage corporate sponsors from sponsorship spending and major sports events will lose an important source of revenue. Therefore sports property owners have the duty of making ambush marketing difficult and expensive for the competitors of official corporate sponsors. References Aaker, David A. (2004). Strategic Market Management. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Crompton, John L. (2004). Sponsorship Ambushing in Sport. Managing Leisure, 9, 1-12. Ironside, Sue. (2007). Combating Ambush Marketing. NZ Marketing Magazine, 26, 26-27. Retrieved March 15, 2008 from Business Source Elite database. Kolah, Ardi. (2005). Essential Law for Marketers. Prentice Hall. Kotler, Philip., and Gary Armstrong. (2005). Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall. Meenaghan, T. (1996). Ambush Marketing – A Threat to Corporate Sponsorship. Sloan Management Review, 38, 103-13. Retrieved March 15, 2008 from Business Source Elite database. Uphoff, Boris., et al. (2006). Kick-off to Ambush Marketing at World Cup. Managing Intellectual Property, 156, 91-92. Retrieved March 15, 2008 from Business Source How to cite The current business environment is characterized, Papers

Business Process Modeling Management

Question : Write portfolio on the topic which includes 5 subtopics. Each portfolio should contain one pic related to that subtopic with intext reference and one video link from youtube related to topic and we have to tell why we choose that very pic and video. Please also give refrences in haward style. Answer : 1. Business Process performance management Figure 1: Business process performance management (Source: Mauch, 2010, pp163) Video Link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=aF7k8q7L7SA The performance of the business process is measured with the help of Business process performance management system. Glykas (2013) opined that the process measures the business performance by modeling, execution, monitoring and improvement. This process promotes business integration and improvement in the business activities. The use of the performance measurement metrics like accountability, alignment, relevant information, standardization, transformation etc the business is able to measure the performance accurately. The first stage includes the monitoring of the individual process followed by the improvement of the process. The picture and the link focus on the process of performance management that can be used by the business for the effective controlling of the individual and overall performance of the business. 2. Critical success factors (CSF) Figure 2: Critical success factors for business performance (Source: Han et al. 2009, pp96) Video Link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiWISr4957 The CSF is the factors that are necessary in business to measure the performance level of the business. They indicate the key factors that should be achieved by the business or organization in order to make the performance level up to the benchmark. According to Glavan (2011) the business can make those factors as CSF the attaining of which becomes central to the success of the business. For instance the general factors which may act as CSF for a business are the effective new product development process, good distribution channel, effective advertising. For a total business process to be effective the organization will have to take into account the fulfillment of the CSF like proper communication with staffs, proper training provide to the employees, to ensure that a proper performance measurement system is present and to make the employees aware of the system. The video show the tutorial of the 9 important CSFs and the picture shows the combined CSF for business performance measurement. 3. Total Quality management (TQM) Figure 3: Process of TQM (Source: Lauras et al. 2011, pp96) Video link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSA1q107IYg In the recent years it has been seen that significant improvements in business can be achieved through TQM implementation. The TQM process ensures that the overall activities within an organization are continuously monitored and improved so that the quality can be controlled. The use of TQM places a strong emphasis on process measurement control using various statistical analysis methods to monitor process behavior and individual defects. The TQM model is regularly updated so that the process of the business can be effectively controlled. According to Yadav and Sagar (2013) TQM implementation will help in internal benefits like improving quality, enhancing productivity and getting better profit levels for the company. TQM can also effectively increase the organizational knowledge and help the business to attain desired performance level. The link and the picture show the process of TQM. 4. Lean performance principle Figure 4: Lean performance principle (Source: Goetsch et al. 2010, pp58) Video link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZR0Kmo7OKl The lean performance principles of business performance management help the company to measure the performance of the company based on the reduction of the defects of the organization. The lean principles deals with making the process free from all defects making the situation zero defects and attaining perfect quality for the process. The performance level can be increased by waste minimization, continuous improvement, pull processing of customer needs and flexibility of the products and relations between suppliers (Yadav and Sagar, 2013). 5. Performance improvement model Figure 5: Performance improvement model (Source: Goetsch et al. 2010, pp-75) Video link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=iiMUQ11Du7I According to Yadav and Sagar (2013) this method incorporates the three different levels based on Human performance improvement. The levels are namely organizational level, process level and the Job or performance level. This model helps to improve the three different segments of organization separately thereby making an overall improvement in the performance level. The organizational level focuses on the development of all organizational factors followed by the process level that incorporates the tools to improve the business process. The job level makes improvement in the individual performance of the employees by catering to their job expectations, providing effective performance feedback and also providing them with more skills, knowledge and incentives to make the performance better. Reference list Books Mauch, P. (2010). Quality management. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Goetsch, D., Davis, S. and Goetsch, D. (2010). Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Journals Glavan, L. (2011). Understanding Process Performance Measurement Systems. Business Systems Research, 2(2). Glykas, M. (2013). Fuzzy cognitive strategic maps in business process performance measurement. Expert Systems with Applications, 40(1), pp.1-14. Han, K., Kang, J. and Song, M. (2009). Two-stage process analysis using the process-based performance measurement framework and business process simulation. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(3), pp.7080-7086. Lauras, M., Lamothe, J. and Pingaud, H. (2011). A business process oriented method to design supply chain performance measurement systems. International Journal of Business Performance Management, 12(4), p.354.. Yadav, N. and Sagar, M. (2013). Performance measurement and management frameworks. Business Process Mgmt Journal, 19(6), pp.947-971.